DSpace Communauté:http://archives.univ-biskra.dz/handle/123456789/1812024-03-28T15:52:53Z2024-03-28T15:52:53Zالتحديات الجيوسياسية لسياسة الجوار الأوروبية في ظل نظام دولي متعدد الأقطابمحمد_الصديق_بن_زعتاتhttp://archives.univ-biskra.dz/handle/123456789/283982024-03-18T08:49:42Z2023-10-24T00:00:00ZTitre: التحديات الجيوسياسية لسياسة الجوار الأوروبية في ظل نظام دولي متعدد الأقطاب
Auteur(s): محمد_الصديق_بن_زعتات
Résumé: This study aims to analyze the European Neighborhood Policy, as a new framework for the European common foreign policy, following the various international and European geostrategic changes of the post-Cold War era, in a way that expresses the need for the European Union to develop a space of stability and prosperity along its external borders, starting with the areas of the European close neighbourhood.
The study starts from a main problem that is summarized in the following question: How does the European Neighborhood Policy contribute to building the European Union as a geopolitical actor in light of the shift in the international pattern towards multipolarity?
The study aims to dismantle the paradoxical paradox that exists between the concept of the European Neighborhood Policy as a soft and normative concept, and the geopolitical concept with a hard expansionist orientation on the other hand, and how to translate this synthesis in analyzing the role and weight of the European Union as a functional bloc, in front of determinants and transformations the international system towards multipolarity.
To verify this, the study started from the analysis of the practical and technical
aspects of the European Neighborhood Policy, and then moved, with a deductive methodology, to dismantling the geopolitical orientations of the three European Neighborhood Policy regions, represented in Eastern Europe, the Southern Caucasus and the Southern Mediterranean, to end the study according to an inductive methodology, in An attempt to analyze the role of the European Union as a functional bloc in the process of multipolar international interaction. As a preliminary result, and in an attempt to answer the main problem of the study, it was reached at an initial stage to construct the aforementioned paradox, by highlighting the concept of Deeping , as a soft synonym for the concept of enlargement found in the traditional geopolitical studies, and then on a second level, By highlighting the importance of the European Union as a pole within the pluralistic international system, but the degree of its effectiveness remains relative compared to the degrees of influence of other powers that shape the nature of this pattern, despite the fact that the European continent and all its direct geographical extensions remain the heart of the international interactions.2023-10-24T00:00:00Zالأزمة اليمنية و تأثيرها في أمن دول الخليج العربي (2019- 2011)صباح_كزيزhttp://archives.univ-biskra.dz/handle/123456789/283972024-03-18T08:46:42Z2023-10-24T00:00:00ZTitre: الأزمة اليمنية و تأثيرها في أمن دول الخليج العربي (2019- 2011)
Auteur(s): صباح_كزيز
Résumé: This study, entitled : “The Yemeni crisis and its impact on the security of the Arab Gulf countries 2011-2019”, examines the relationship between the stability of Yemen and the security of the Arab Gulf countries; the security problems of these ones are raised in the shadow of the Yemeni crisis, which calls for research into the nature of threats generated by the crisis and how this affects the security of the neighboring Gulf countries, as well as the options available to them in managing the crisis.
In this sense, the study aims to analyze the reasons that led to the failure of the political movement in Yemen and the factors that turned it into a crisis, then to monitor the repercussions and effects of this crisis, as it has become a major source of existing and potential threats to the security of the Arab Gulf states, especially in light of the given geographical neighborhood, and to attempt to identify and evaluate the effectiveness of the mechanisms that the Gulf countries relied on in managing the Yemeni crisis in order to address its various effects.
The study concluded to the following results:
The internal, political, social and economic problems are the first side of the crisis Yemen is suffering from. The other side is the external factor, which has a role in deepening and nourishing the societal division, in a way that led to an increase in the complexity of the crisis and a prolongation of its duration؛
Monitoring the negative impact of the Yemeni crisis on the security of the Arab Gulf countries; this influence is characterized in the security, political, social and economic threats and risks. For that reason, the Arab Gulf countries handling of the crisis came in terms of addressing these threats, protecting Gulf interests and preventing Iran from extending its hegemony in Yemen؛
The Gulf countries handling and management of the Yemeni crisis can be limited to two levels, by following the gradual approach in dealing with the developments of the crisis, by relying on political and diplomatic tools embodied in the “Gulf Initiative”, and other solid means consisting in the military operations of the Arab coalition in Yemen؛
The current Yemeni crisis appears to be open to all scenarios and possibilities. Therefore, it is difficult to expect a breakthrough and a settlement of the crisis without the acceptance of all parties (internal and external ones) to make serious and realistic concessions that can push for a political settlement of the crisis.2023-10-24T00:00:00Zدور الحكامة في تحقيق التنمية المحلية في المغرب2011/2021رحيمة_يونسhttp://archives.univ-biskra.dz/handle/123456789/283942024-03-18T08:39:25Z2023-11-20T00:00:00ZTitre: دور الحكامة في تحقيق التنمية المحلية في المغرب2011/2021
Auteur(s): رحيمة_يونس
Résumé: The study addresses the problematic extent to which governance has contributed to the reformulation of a new social contract that would bring about local development in Morocco in the light of the political and constitutional reforms of 2011, To demand the adoption of further political and economic reforms and the adoption of governance as a modified mechanism for local, national and international balances that responds to current changes and propels them towards finding new solutions and prospects to overcome the various imbalances and vulnerabilities of development policies and programmes at the local and national levels.
Modern management approaches and patterns must be adopted, effective and efficient in the management and conduct of local public affairs, such as local governance and participatory democracy, which are based on the principle of participation and contracting among various community actors and support the governance and the operationalization of its most important mechanisms and pillars in order to improve services and policies and make them susceptible and satisfied by the local citizen.
This study reveals, in the light of Moroccan experience, the importance of governance as a development measure approach to decision makers and the political elite. Especially after the political and constitutional reforms of 2011, which gave great impetus to governance and the need to attach various policies, programmes and patterns of local management of dimensions, indicators and mechanisms of governance In addition to the imperative of contracting and sharing the actions of decentralized local authorities, the private sector and civil society in the performance of their development functions in the light of the approach of participatory democracy, However, balanced local development is hampered by a range of difficulties and obstacles, both in terms of actions and resources, and in the rational management of these interactions, it may make development programmes and policies unresponsive to the needs and concerns of the local
citizen.2023-11-20T00:00:00Zحماية المنتجات الدوائية في ظل اتفاقية تريبسمناصر_ليدياhttp://archives.univ-biskra.dz/handle/123456789/283932024-03-18T08:32:53Z2023-10-24T00:00:00ZTitre: حماية المنتجات الدوائية في ظل اتفاقية تريبس
Auteur(s): مناصر_ليديا
Résumé: The advancement of the pharmaceutical industries is critical in advancing the wheel of sustainable
development in its aspect related to achieving public health goals, by facilitating access to medicines
at a reasonable cost to everyone who needs them, particularly the people of developing countries,
which prompted the international community to pay attention to the issue of pharmaceutical product
protection, given its connection to public health. Intellectual property rights, on the one hand, and
the right to health, on the other, necessitate the establishment of an international organization to serve
as a cornerstone when developing national legislation, and the World Trade Organization (WTO)
played a key role in establishing this international organization. As a result, the latter had to take
advantage of all the flexibilities provided by the TRIPS Agreement, such as activating the system of
voluntary and compulsory drug licensing, devoting exceptions to release and rights granted, and
moving toward parallel import, to mitigate the negative effects of the agreement's provisions, which
impacted the most essential human right, the right to health, and served as a springboard for
industrialized nations to impose TRIPS-PLUS free trade agreements with more rigorous terms than
the TRIPS Agreement, while worldwide attempts to alleviate those consequences persisted.
Meanwhile, international efforts to mitigate these negative effects continued, beginning with the
Doha declaration of 2001 and its decisions and amendments to the TRIPS Agreement, and continuing
through the efforts of various international organizations (the World Intellectual Property
Organization WIPO, the World Health Organization WHO, and the World Trade Organization
(WTO) within the framework of the United Nations Sustainable Development Plan for the year 2030.2023-10-24T00:00:00Z