السياسة الخارجية التركية في ظل حكم حزب العدالة والتنمية بين 2002/2017 دراسة للدور التركي في الأزمة السورية

Abstract

The study examined the nature of the Turkish foreign policy under the rule of the Justice and Development Party between 2002 and 2017 and how this policy was affected by the Turkish role in the Syrian Crisis. The study attempted to observe and analyze this nature by addressing its most important determinants and principles, identifying the reality of dealing with its external environment which is characterized by mobility and intense polarization, knowing the peculiarity of the dynamic zone in which it moves, and identifying its priorities in its geo-political depth as well its foundations in the light of the regional variables that have occurred in the region after 2011. Moreover, the study aimed at highlighting the importance of the Turkish regional role played in managing the Syrian Crisis according to the perceptions of the Turkish national interest, trying to understand the Turkish exterior behavior in dealing with the new security challenges imposed by the Syrian Crisis, and showing the most important reflections that affected Turkey's regional status and its foreign policy in dealing with the this crisis in order to identify the imbalances. The study concluded that Turkey's foreign policy depended on the intellectual and cultural structure of the party's elite and influenced Turkey's orientations. However, the party preserved the foundations on which modern Turkey is based, namely: nationalism and secularism, and blended them with the historical and cultural depth of Turkey. The study also found that the Turkish foreign policy under the rule of the Justice and Development Party is a successful and a perfect one at all levels until 2011. However, after this year, this policy has witnessed a return and an imbalance at the internal and external levels. The negative repercussions that Turkey has experienced as a result of its negative role in the Syrian Crisis are the best proof of that.