دراسة و مقارنة بين كفاءة الأداء الحراري لروزنة المسكن الفردي العتيق و الحديث دراسة حالة– مدينة بسكرة

Abstract

Summary: The traditional architecture is regarded as a school for drawing lessons from the past, especially when it is in an environment characterized by a hot and dry climate. This traditional architecture represents a perfect example of how to adapt to the harsh climate. In the city of Biskra, there is an example about that. It is represented in a widespread element in most of traditional habitations in old Biskra called "Raouzna". The latter is an horizontal slot on the roof of the Center. This hole plays purely climatic lighting and ventilation is cooling off. Besides, it is characterized with an excellent thermal efficiency. In other words, it controls the distribution of internal temperatures. It is influenced by several factors directly related to its climate role. The Raouzna is widespread in modern dwellings also. Despite the difference between the Raouzna of traditional housing and the modern one, the latter was created for a climatic function. According to our study which consists of three sections: the field study, the similar analytical section and experimental comparison, we managed to reach results that would regulate the size and dimensions of Raouzna to revive and use it in modern designs for individual housing in the city of Biskra .The field study depends on raising plans of traditional and modern housing samples, using various tools of scientific research to collect data as the observation, the questionnaire and raising schemes. For digital simulation, we use DEROB-LTH program, through which we identified the differences between the effectiveness of the thermal performance of traditional and modern forms. In the last section of the thesis we study and compare the causes of the resulting differences by relying on stereotypical approach. Additionally, the space syntax approach is used to compare the whole design system.