الحماية القانونية للمدنيين أثناء النزاعات المسلحة -دراسة حالة سوريا

Abstract

The subject of our study revolved around the civil status in international humanitarian law and the protection established for it according to its rules, which did not prevent the violation of his rights, as the protection was nothing but objective and stood at the limit of the principle of state sovereignty, noninterference in internal affairs, the right of veto, and political interests. The protests in Syria in 2011 developed into war crimes, crimes against humanity and genocide, against civilians before the combatants, falling within the jurisdiction of the International Criminal Court, requiring the punishment of the perpetrators and not impunity, but because, Syria did not ratify the Rome Statute and did not deposit a declaration of acceptance. The court's jurisdiction, which prevented the case from being referred to the International Criminal Court. From this standpoint, the study was registered under the main title: Protection of Civilians during Armed Conflict - An Empirical Study - The Syrian Case -. It includes two chapters, the first of which is entitled: Legal Protection of Civilians During Armed Conflict - A Case Study of Syria -, and the second: The Role of the United Nations in Protecting Syrian Civilians from International Crimes and Punishing the Perpetrators. The main question of this study was: How effective are the rules and procedures for protecting civilians during armed conflicts? We have reached a number of results, the most important of which are: The research reached the international rules that states, bodies, organizations and committees worked to establish at the international level - even if they came out on the ground - but each time they faced difficulties that made them nothing but ink on paper. The civilian was, and is, the first and greatest affected by these conflicts and perhaps the best evidence for this is the Syrian conflict, as it was explained. In the end, however, we do not deny the international community’s attempts under the rules of universal jurisdiction and its attempts to frame the Syrian issue in accordance with Caesar’s law, which leads us to say that the international community, even if its hand does not reach the desired goal, we cannot deny it the honor of trying.