دور الطريقة الصوفية الصالحية في مقاومة الاستعمار بالقرن الافريقي

Abstract

Somalia is distinguished by its important strategic location, which has made it a target of European competition, especially from Britain, Italy, and France. At the end of the 19th century, Somalia witnessed a colonial movement by those countries. The numerous experiences, exploitation, and injustice that the peoples of the African continent went through made them aware of the colonizers' methods, leading them to search for ways to eliminate and liberate themselves from this colonization. A group of Muslims known as the Sufis emerged, and among the Sufi paths that spread in Somalia was the Salehia Sufi Order, which played a leading role in the jihad movement against European colonization under the leadership of its Sheikh, Mohamed Abd Allah Hassan. He led the strongest movements and revolutions against the British. One of these movements was the Dervish movement, which inflicted heavy losses on the British. When the British failed to suppress this movement, they sought the assistance of the Italians, who also had ambitions in the region. They deployed their air, land, and naval forces to eliminate it, which they achieved in 1920. Thus, Mohamed Abd Allah Hassan considered as symbol of struggle and jihad in Somalia.