HYPERTROPHIE URBAINE DE LA VILLE DE JIJEL

Abstract

The increasing distortion between the head and the body of the urban network is one of the most striking phenomena of the Algerian city today. The coastal area of Jijel (Algeria) is subject to intense demographic pressure, exacerbated by a crisis of economic activity. The hypertrophic character of the urban structures of the coastal area of Jijel is reinforced by the creation of administrative units and is expressed by an excessive concentration of political administrative, economic and cultural forces in the capitals of the Wilaya to the detriment of small and medium centers. The dysfunction of the urban framework at the socioeconomic, spatial and urban planning levels of this space leads to a hypertrophied city that can no longer meet the expectations of its population. This paper attempts to scientifically diagnose this coastal microregional space in order to localize its strengths and weaknesses and, consequently, its hypertrophy and dysfunction, using a multicriteria model against a systemic background. The study shows that the primatiality of Jijel has existed since 1988, which is associated with a lack of small and medium-sized cities, where demographic weakness is accompanied by functional weakness. The city of Jijel is presented as a primatial city, whose weight in the urban system is dominant. The demo-functional analysis of the Jijel coastal area shows a poor demographic and functional distribution.