L’influence de la morphologie urbaine sur les ambiances thermiques extérieures dans les zones semi-arides. « Cas de la ville de Batna

Abstract

refers to the ability of a space to provide optimal thermal conditions for users. When it comes to outdoor spaces, thermal comfort is just as important as it is for indoor spaces, as urban spaces are places where citizens can meet and relax. In the city, outdoor thermal environments are influenced by many climatic factors such as air temperature, mean radiant temperature, relative humidity and wind speed. These microclimatic parameters are in turn affected by the urban morphology, which plays a determining role in the generation of urban microclimates. Today, cities are increasingly urbanized, and climate-related problems such as urban overheating have become a reality that cannot be ignored. From this state, our study undertook how urban forms, through their geometries and densities, affect the conditions of comfort in public spaces, in Batna city, known with its hot and dry climate and aims to design urban spaces with an acceptable thermal comfort The present study is part of an environmental framework, focusing on the effects of urban morphology through the indicators of surface density and building height on the regulation of the urban microclimate within our case study. In order to improve the thermal comfort conditions in urban areas, we carried out simulations using the numerical software ENVI-met 4.4.6, which allows the prediction of thermal comfort ranges through thermal indices (PMV, PET and UTCI) in 16 urban development scenarios, integrating the horizontal and vertical effect of the built environment. The simulation results led to significant conclusions on the densification of urban fabrics, which has become an essential strategy for designers to consider when designing new urban spaces.