LES CHANGEMENTS CLIMATIQUES DANS LE TAFILALET (SUD EST MAROCAIN) : ANALYSE DES TENDANCES

Abstract

The area of Errachidia-Tafilalet is located at the South-east of Morocco. It is part of the great watersheds Ziz (14400 km2) and of Rhéris (12600 km2).The study surface is delimited by the watershed Guir to the East, the Algerian border in the South, the High-Atlas mountains to the north and those of the Anti-Atlas in south-west. The common valley of the wadis Ziz and Rhéris forms the alluvial plain of Tafilalet (700 km2). It is occupied in the center by the palm plantations of Tizimi and Tafilalet sensu stricto. The natural environment of the area is marked by the aridity of the climate, low precipitations and high evapotranspiration up to 4000 mm/an. The purpose of the present study is to show the vulnerability of the water resources to the impacts of the climate changes. A characterization of the local dryness (deficit, intensity and duration) with study of the evolution of the climatic parameters (rains on various scales, temperature) is highlighted through time series.