Effet de la salinité de l’eau d’irrigation sur la croissance et la production de trois variétés de quinoa ( Chenopodium quinoa Willd.)

Abstract

In Alegria, exactly in aride régions that characteristed by the drought ,the rerety of the rain ,the élévation of the température , soil salinity and irrigation water are constraints that adversely affect agricultural production in terms of the quantity and quality. The objective of this experiment is to détermine the acclimatization of three variety of quinoa (Santo maria, Q12 , Pidjde panicule prancipale) against the salinity. The trial was conducted during the year 2018/2019 at the Departement of Agronomic Sciences at Mohamed Khider Biskra University. Irrigation is carried out by four different concentrations of Na Cl (03.84 g/l ,05.12 g/l ,10.24 g/l, 12.08 g/l) The measurd parameters are : Stage of developement, the periode of each phase, plant height (HTT), leaf area, number of branches in plant, number of panicles in plant, production of dry matter and the weight of 1000 grains. The results show that the plant of quinoa considered as one of the plants that bear the salinity, where it acclimatizates adapting a lot of mécanisme like the decrease in the number if branches, the number of leafs and her areas …… Overall it can be said that the Q12 variety ranks in first position of the varieties that tolerate the salinity followed by Santo maria variety and lastely the Pidjde panicule prancipale. Keywords: quinoa, salinity, adaptation, production