التأثير الفوري وطويل المدى لإلحماء العصبي العضلي على بعض مؤشرات الاداء البدني لدىلاعبي كرة القدم

Abstract

Soccer games and training are characterized by high intensity....The rapid changes due to growth lead to neuromuscular imbalance during adolescence make young players at risk to injuries, especially when exposed to training.... Researchers have suggested reconsidering warm-up processes in order to exploit this process for long-term development. Objectives: This study aimed to identify the long-term effect of a proposed warm-up with neuromuscular exercises that depend on single leg strength and stability on balance as one of the indicators of the risk of injury, while identifying its acute effect on linear and change of direction speed, jump ability and dynamic balance in soccer players. Method: 20 young amateur soccer players from USBT U-17 team who are active in the Constantine regional championship in Algeria participated in the study. They were divided into two groups, experimental (age: 15.5 ± 0.52; height: 169.9 ± 10.33; Weight: 59.2 ± 9.8) and Control (Age: 15.5 ± 0.52; Height: 174.2 ± 8.62; Weight: 58.99 ± 9.79) Acute effect was studied on linear and change of direction speed, vertical jump and dynamic balance. After about a week, the static and dynamic balance tests were conducted in order to study the long-term effect for a period of seven weeks. To measure explosive performance the researcher used 10 and 20 meters for linear speed, Zig zag test to measure change of direction velocity, CMJ test to measure vertical jump, in addition to that, two balance tests also were used (Stork balance stand test for static balance, and Y for balance measurement dynamic). Results: The results of the immediate effect showed statistically significant differences for the experimental group in change of direction speed, vertical jump and dynamic balance, while it was found that there were statistically significant differences in change of direction speed and dynamic balance only for the control group, and the results of the comparison between groups in the post test, there were no statistically significant differences between the two groups, but, it can be conclude that the neuromuscular warm-up was slightly superior to the regular warm-up in the immediate effect. As for the long-term effect, no statistically significant differences were obtained for the control group in the static and dynamic balance tests, whether for the preferred or non-preferred leg. As for the neuromuscular warm-up group, statistically significant differences were obtained in both the static and dynamic balance of the non-preferred leg. But not for the preferred leg, and the results of the comparison between groups in the post-test showed that there were no statistically significant differences except in the static balance of the non-preferred leg in favor of the experimental group, despite that, the improvement percentage indicate the superiority of the neuromuscular warm-up over the regular warm-up in soccer. Conclusion: Using a neuromuscular warm-up may have an important role in improving subsequent performance, and improving long-term balance as an important indicator of injury risk.