Pour un outil de contrôle des ambiances urbaines patrimoniales dans les projets de réhabilitation urbaine des tissus anciens en Algérie

Abstract

he part of the public authorities of the heritage value of the old fabrics and of the need to adopt a legislative and regulatory base to control interventions. However, the main instrument mobilised, in this case the PPSMVSS, only operates on the physical and material framework, neglecting the sensitive and immaterial component, at a time when the reflection around the projects of transformation of the urban environment implies more and more explicitly the whole of the sensorial modalities. Our research is based on a double observation: On the one hand, a compartmentalized attitude of heritage management, on the one hand strictly physical interventions on the urban heritage and on the other hand punctual actions of patrimonialization of immaterial practices. On the other hand, the neglect of the human substance in the planning of urban rehabilitation operations and the dissociation of the citizen from the decision making process. In our opinion, the heritage atmosphere can constitute a holistic vision which takes care of the heritage in its two tangible and intangible sides. Thus, crossed with the concept of appropriation, the ambience will become the ground for revealing the interactions of the inhabitants with the old places. This leads us to the main objective of implementing, in the Algerian context, a device for monitoring heritage ambiences that would accompany the transformations carried out on old urban fabrics, in order to evaluate the impact of these operations on the material and immaterial dimensions (social, sensory and symbolic), and this, in order to prevent the loss of the multiple values of these fabrics recognised by all the actors, in particular the inhabitant user-citizen. The main result of this research shows that a heritage management focused on the physical dimension leads to the loss of the sensitive dimension of the place and to the systematic exclusion of its users, because it is the interaction between the material and immaterial dimensions of the environments that enhances or, on the contrary, lowers the appropriation towards the heritage. Thus, the simultaneous consideration of the tangible and intangible dimensions of heritage -recognised by the inhabitants- should become the priority of safeguarding instruments.