Caractérisation morphologique des palmiers dattiers mâles et femelles (Phoenix dactylifera L.) dans la région de Biskra.

Abstract

Previous researches on the date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) are interested in female palms more than the male palms. Since these have a remarkable influence on the quality of the produced dates. Pollinators are derived from seedlings that cause a great heterogeneity and pose a problem of distinction. Our work aims to verify the notion of variety in male palms and select the best. We studied 18 existing palms in a collection at the commune of El ghrous (wilaya of Biskra). This collection is divided into 3 most known cultivars locally ("Deglet Nour", "Ghars" and "Mech Degla") for both sexes to choose 3 palms for each variety or type. The results of the morphological characterization show that we can not apply the notion of variety to the Dokkars. The factorial analysis of the correspondences of the productive characters shows, on the one hand, the existence of relations between the characters studied and, on the other hand, the distribution of the male palms in three categories; good, average and bad. Keywords: Date palm, Phoenix dactylifera L., distinction, selection, morphological characters, productive characters, Biskra.