دور النخب العسكرية العربية في الإنتقال الديمقراطي دراسة مقارنة بين الجزائر و مصر.

Abstract

this study dealt with the theme of the Arab Military elite and its turn in the Democratic transition, with comparing the role of these elite in Algeria and Egypt, where we touched on the various concepts and theories related to the elite and Military elites as well as to the Democratic transition, down to determine the framework who rules the relationship between the Military elite and the Democratic transition, with different orientations and manifestations and theories which ruling the nature of this relationship, addition of the interactions resulting from the intervention of the elite Military in the process of Democratic transition. The study trying to analyze the role played by the Arab Military elite in political systems with its various classifications in the Arab countries, by understanding the relationship between the Arab Military elite and political power in various stages of state formation and up to the stage of Democratic transition or what is known the Arab uprisings "Arab Spring", the study was based on the role of the Arab Military elite in the Democratic transition in comparison between Algeria and Egypt, by showing the status of the Military elite in the political system of the two countries, and the different and varying roles played by these elite in the process of Democratic transition despite the different time period and the results of this intervention in drawing the course of Democratic transition The study concludes that the Arab Military elite Is the main player in the process of Democratic transition in the Arab countries, this is because this elite is at the center of political life in most Arab countries, where that the Military elite's position on the process of Democratic transition and its role in the transition phase is the main determinant of the outcome that follows this process, experience has shown that the Military elite can be a hindrance to the transition process If played a key role in the transition as it often monopolizes power by with the arrival of its members to power, that as Democratic transition can be successful If the military elite is neutral and buttress a transition based on consensus between them and the political elite where that the Military elite In this case is a be contributor to the Democratic transition process.