La stratégie touristique territoriale à l’époque coloniale au Sahara algérien. Cas de Biskra

Abstract

This thesis proposes a sustainable tourism strategy in Biskra (the Ziban micro-region). We found that the search space reveals many paradoxes, we find both environmental characteristics of the Tell and the Sahara. Buffer space needs a very special intervention taking into account its specific components. Also, it is a place that is both fragile, attractive, highly coveted by tourists but which remains marginalized because the current state policy does not make the development of the tourist sector a priority despite the rich tourist potential of this region. In general, a territorial tourism strategy is a geographic approach, based on understanding the sustainable tourism potential of a territory with its various dimensions. In the case of this work, we take into consideration the environmental, economic and socio-cultural dimensions, these dimensions provide a framework in which it is possible to move from a territorial tourism strategy to the sustainable tourism model more appropriate to the region of study. The starting point of this research by the observation of the importance that was granted during the colonial period to develop the tourist sector in the micro region of the Ziban in all its varieties (oasis, therapeutic, winter, agrarian…etc.) for meet the needs and demand of the tourist market. Men of literature, artists and painters coveted this tourist destination in winter. On the other hand, we note today that the development of the tourist sector is very minimal if not almost absent despite all the wealth and tourist potential that this region has. From this, this thesis is part of a reflection on the valuation of tourism indicators in the oasis environment called fragile territory. In this context, our objective is to set up a sustainable tourism model which will be based on the originality of the natural, economic and socio-cultural characteristics of the region, and inspiring indicators of the model of the colonial era, taking into account the fragility of this ecosystem which requires a characterization of specific forms of tourism. This means that the development of tourism in the Ziban micro-region today must take care not to deteriorate the quality of life of the local population and preserve the environment. To address this objective, we have broadened our field of research and used different techniques to collect the necessary information: bibliographical research, historical documentation, strategic analysis, survey and inventory on the ground. In addition to these different techniques, the methodology used during our study was based on hypotheses whose confirmation or invalidation provided answers to the research problem