Etude de l’influence de la vitesse de soudage par SMAW sur l’acier X42

Abstract

This study examines the impact of multi-pass hand welding speed on X42 steel joints using the Shielded Metal Arc Welding (SMAW) method. The focus is on how this speed affects the mechanical, metallurgical, and chemical properties of the steel. Two samples of X42 steel were welded at different speeds for comparison. The analyses included observations using a Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), X-ray Diffraction (XRD) tests, and Vickers Hardness (Hv) tests. The results indicate that lower welding speeds, such as 20 mm/min, enhance crystalline stability, weld quality, and defect resistance. In contrast, higher speeds, such as 35 mm/min, lead to faster cooling, which may adversely affect the crystalline structure and increase dislocation density, potentially resulting in defects. Moreover, slower welding speeds allow for better grain development and optimized texture orientation, ensuring better control over the process. However, while higher speeds may increase productivity, they complicate the maintenance of welding consistency.