La plasticulture dans la région des Ziban, Etat des lieux, Opportunités, Durabilité et Stratégie d’acteurs.

Abstract

Since its introduction in Algeria, greenhouse agricultural production has profoundly transformed the sector, offering significant benefits in terms of crop quality and yield, while also fostering notable socio-economic dynamics, particularly in the Saharan regions. This study sheds light on several aspects: on the one hand, it provides an overview of greenhouse cultivation in the Biskra region, highlights the constraints hindering its development, and examines the strategies implemented to overcome these challenges. On the other hand, it analyzes the impact of agricultural policies on the development and sustainability of greenhouses in M’ziraa.A field survey conducted from February to April 2021 in the M’ziraa region, based on 100 questionnaires, enabled the collection of data analyzed using Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) regressions and the SPSS 26 and STATA software. The results reveal that despite significant efforts and the opportunities offered by greenhouse cultivation, the outcomes remain below the set objectives and the financial resources allocated. This situation is attributed to various technical, economic, and commercial obstacles, such as high investment costs, dependence on technical inputs, marketing challenges, and market fluctuations.In response to these challenges, producers have adopted various strategies, including cost optimization, crop diversification, and improvement of distribution networks. However, the analysis of the sustainability of plasticulture in this region highlights a delicate balance between optimizing agricultural yields and preserving natural resources. Excessive water usage and the intensive application of phytosanitary products raise major environmental concerns, particularly regarding soil degradation and the depletion of groundwater.This situation underscores the urgency of adopting holistic approaches involving producers, policymakers, and researchers to promote sustainable and responsible agriculture. Proposed solutions include the widespread implementation of drip irrigation and the encouragement good agricultural practices; in particular organic farming practices.