Washback in Language Testing: a Review of the Concept and its Implications to Innovation in Education

Abstract

Washback is a concept used to refer to a phenomenon associated with the influence language tests exert on teaching and learning. Washback can be positive, as well as it can be negative. The present article is a serious attempt in the field of testing research that seeks to shed light on the concept washback. The purpose of the article is to help practionners to get a clear and large picture on the nature, functions and mechanisms of the term under study. Besides, this presentation aims to display how this phenomenon can be a lever to provide models of innovation in education